The station was only manned during the Antarctic summer months until facilities for permanent residence were installed February 2005. The capacity is limited to eight people through the winter (average winter population is seven) and a significantly larger number during the summer (maximum 40) thanks to the temporary tent camp erected each spring.
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To facilitate logistics, the Troll airfield was constructed in 2005.
Important areas of research at Troll include meteorological measurements, radiation measurements for UV etc, and glaeceological, biological and physical field programmes. The station is managed by the Norwegian polar research establishment