Rohwedder was the head of the world’s largest holding company – the Treuhand. The Treuhand was the agency that privatized the East German enterprises after the German reunification. It oversaw the restructuring and selling of about 8,500 state-owned companies with over four million employees. At that time it was the world's largest industrial enterprise.
In 1991, Rohwedder was assassinated by a sniper while standing at the window of his highly protected house in Düsseldorf. The circumstances of his murder were never solved, the shooter never caught. However, the German terror group Red Army Faction (RAF) is assumed to be responsible for the killing.